As we navigate the vibrant yet complex landscape of Lagos, a pressing issue demands our attention: the excesses of Agbero, a subset of the area boys that have become a noticeable fixture in our streets. This phenomenon, characterized by unruly behavior and a disregard for civic norms, has persisted for far too long, raising significant sociological concerns and impacting the daily lives of Lagosians.
Agberos, often associated with the informal transportation sector, have evolved into a recurrent nuisance in the city’s bustling environment. Their presence is felt not only as an inconvenience but also as an added burden to the cost of public transportation. The current state of affairs eschews the civility that a city of Lagos’s stature should embody. As the foremost commercial capital of Nigeria and a beacon of economic potential, Lagos deserves more than the chaos that these touts bring to its streets.
It is imperative to address the troubling notion that Agberos are seen as indispensable allies of the political class. This perception fosters a culture of impunity that undermines the rule of law and perpetuates a cycle of disorder. The Babajide Sanwo-Olu administration has a unique opportunity and indeed, a responsibility to redefine the narrative surrounding Agberos. If he envisions a legacy of a Greater Lagos, the current tolerance of these disruptive elements must end. The path to progress cannot be paved with the excesses of those who contribute to the city's backwardness.
Lagos is not just the most populous city in Africa; it is a global commercial prospect. Recent research from the World Economic Forum highlights Lagos as one of the five fastest-growing cities in Africa, outpacing Kinshasa, Cairo, Luanda, and Nairobi. The World Bank's projections are equally striking, estimating that Lagos could become the largest city in the world by 2100, with a staggering population of 88 million, up from the current 21 million. Such growth brings both opportunities and challenges, and it is crucial that our governance structures adapt accordingly.
To cultivate an environment where commerce thrives and citizens feel secure, the government must take decisive action against the Agbero menace. This involves reinforcing law enforcement, ensuring public transportation systems operate without the interference of touts, and fostering an atmosphere where civility and respect for the law are paramount.
Public sentiment is shifting; Lagosians are increasingly vocal about their frustrations. The desire for a city that reflects its potential is palpable. Residents want to see a Lagos that is not only economically vibrant but also safe and orderly.
As Nigeria’s commercial hub, Lagos boasts a reputation that is both vibrant and contradictory. While it is ranked as the second cheapest city for expatriates in terms of cost of living, it paradoxically holds the dubious honor of being the fourth least habitable city in the world according to the Global Liveability Index 2024. This ranking, provided by the Economic Intelligence Unit (EIU), places Lagos at a concerning 170th out of 173 cities assessed based on 30 indicators in five critical categories: stability, healthcare, culture and environment, education, and infrastructure.
The findings of the EIU reveal a stark contrast between Lagos's rich cultural heritage and the challenges posed by its deteriorating infrastructure and chaotic urban environment. The city's unique splendor in some areas, is often overshadowed by a sense of lawlessness, primarily characterized by the activities of street touts, often referred to as “Agberos” These individuals operate with impunity, creating an atmosphere that can feel chaotic and nearly ungovernable.
While this situation may seem unique to Lagos, the issue of street touts, or "Agberos," is neither new nor solely confined to this city. The emergence of this phenomenon can be traced back to a history of national neglect, where insufficient investment in education and employment opportunities paved the way for an army of young people to find refuge in the streets. The lack of viable alternatives has led many to engage in informal, often illegal activities that can disrupt daily life for residents and visitors alike.
At the heart of this issue is the National Union of Road Transport Workers (NURTW), which has become a powerful player in Lagos's urban ecosystem. The NURTW claims to represent the interests of transport workers, but it has also been criticized for its role in perpetuating the cycle of extortion and corruption. Estimates from 2023 suggest that Agberos in Lagos generate over N120 billion annually in revenue, much of which is siphoned into private pockets rather than contributing to public welfare or infrastructure development. This staggering figure highlights the scale of the problem and the urgent need for effective governance and regulation.
Tackling the excesses of touts (agberos) in Lagos requires a multifaceted approach that addresses both the symptoms and the root causes of this pervasive issue. Initiatives aimed at improving education and creating job opportunities are crucial. By investing in the youth and providing them with the skills and resources they need to thrive, the government can reduce the allure of street life for many young people.
Moreover, a concerted effort to regulate the activities of the NURTW and similar organizations is essential. Implementing strict oversight and transparency measures can help ensure that revenues generated from transportation services are used for public benefit rather than lining the pockets of a few.
Navigating the complexities of urban life in Lagos, one issue continues to rear its head with alarming consistency: the prevalence of touts and the related challenges in the transport sector. Despite ongoing discussions and numerous attempts at reform, the situation remains a significant embarrassment for the state government. The presence of these touts, commonly referred to as "Agberos," raises questions about governance and public safety, particularly in a city that aspires to be a global smart city.
The political implications of ignoring this issue are stark. While some may argue that the Agberos hold sway during elections, suggesting a form of political relevance, it is vital to recognize that no serious administration can afford to overlook the pervasive extortion and harassment facilitated by both state and non-state actors in the transport sector. The persistence of this problem not only undermines public confidence in governance but also hampers the overall development of Lagos.
Governor Babajide Sanwo-Olu, at the helm of a mega city that aspires to global relevance, must take decisive action to curb these excesses. His administration faces the dual challenge of ensuring public safety while also fostering an environment conducive to economic growth and innovation. The transport sector, a critical component of Lagos’ economy, cannot thrive amidst the chaos created by touts (agberos) who engage in extortion and intimidation.
Historically, the issue of "area boys" is not new. Previous administrations, dating back to the military era, have made attempts to reform and reduce the influence of these touts, yet success has remained elusive. Initiatives have ranged from law enforcement crackdowns to rehabilitation programs aimed at integrating these youth into society. For instance, the establishment of training and rehabilitation centers was based on the hope that by imparting marketable skills—such as plumbing, bricklaying, and tiling—these young adults could be transformed into productive members of society.
However, the effectiveness of such programs has been uneven. Many of these efforts have not addressed the root causes of the problem, including poverty, lack of education, and limited job opportunities. As a result, the cycle of touting and violence has continued to perpetuate itself, creating an environment where extortion thrives.
In recent years, the issue of touts, commonly referred to as “agberos,” has become a focal point in discussions regarding urban governance and social reform in Nigeria. Under the leadership of Buba Marwa, the current Chairman of the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA), significant efforts have been made to address the challenges posed by these groups. Marwa’s previous tenure as the Military Governor of Lagos State saw him implement a rehabilitation programme that sought to transform the lives of these individuals, whom he affectionately termed “Good Boys and Girls.” This approach aimed to reintegrate them into society by offering support and guidance.
However, the complexities surrounding this issue extend beyond terminology and good intentions. During his time as Governor of Lagos, President Bola Tinubu took a more controversial approach. He invested considerable resources into what has been described as “tough love.” This strategy involved the deportation of persistent troublemakers to a facility known as Tekunle, located in the Ibeju Lekki area. Notably, this rehabilitation centre is accessible only by boat, navigating waters that are infamous for their shark population. While this method aimed to deter delinquency, it ultimately failed to address the underlying social problems that give rise to such behavior.
The challenges of rehabilitating area boys are further complicated by the need for effective private interventions. Numerous organizations have stepped in to fill the gaps left by governmental efforts, showing promise in their initiatives. One such organization, God Bless Nigeria Church, has garnered attention for its impactful rehabilitation projects. A notable success story is that of Shanowole, a young boy whose transformation from a life on the streets to a hopeful future captured the hearts of many. His story, which went viral after a compelling before-and-after video was shared online, serves as a reminder of the potential for change when support is provided.
Another organization making strides in this arena is Chess in Slums. By leveraging the game of chess, they engage young boys in slum areas like Oshodi and Ibadan, teaching them valuable life skills alongside the game’s strategic thinking. These initiatives not only provide a constructive outlet for the youths but also foster a sense of community and belonging, which is essential for their rehabilitation.
The administration of Governor Babajide Sanwo-Olu has faced several challenges in addressing this long-standing problem. However, the lack of lasting interventions in the past should not serve as an excuse for inaction. Instead, it presents an opportunity for innovative solutions that can fundamentally change the status quo.
Since assuming office nearly six years ago, one must ask: what tangible contributions has Mr. Sanwo-Olu’s administration made towards resolving the persistent issue of touts, often referred to as "Agberos"? These individuals operate on the fringes of our transportation system, often causing chaos, harassment, and economic inefficiency. While the government’s endorsement of Agberos as a form of "job creation" raises eyebrows, it is crucial to scrutinize the ramifications of such a stance.
In modern urban environments, the concept of sustainable employment has evolved significantly. The rise of technology and new sectors has transformed job markets, making traditional roles such as those held by Agberos increasingly obsolete. The question arises: how many children of government officials or members of the political elite are engaged in these roles? It is a stark contrast to the aspirations of a society that is striving for progress and modernization.
Effective governance necessitates confronting crises head-on rather than viewing them as mere distractions. The presence of touts is not just a minor inconvenience; it is a fundamental issue that impacts the safety, economy, and overall quality of life for Lagos residents. A proactive approach is essential.
Mr. Sanwo-Olu’s administration has the opportunity to lead the way in rethinking how we address informal employment and tout-related challenges. By investing in education, vocational training, and entrepreneurship programs, the government could create viable pathways to employment that do not rely on the chaotic and often exploitative nature of touting.
Moreover, engaging with community leaders, transport unions, and local businesses could foster a collaborative approach to transforming our transportation sector. Initiatives that promote orderly conduct, enhance safety, and develop legitimate job opportunities would not only alleviate the crisis but also contribute to a more vibrant and sustainable economy.
It is imperative that the government prioritizes a comprehensive strategy that encompasses the complexities of the issue. This strategy should not only address the symptoms—such as the presence of touts—but also the underlying causes that perpetuate their existence.
As we reflect on the past and look towards the future, we must hold our leaders accountable for their role in shaping the governance landscape. The endorsement of outdated practices in the name of job creation is not the hallmark of a progressive government. Instead, it is time for Mr. Sanwo-Olu and his administration to rise to the occasion, embrace innovative solutions, and tackle the crisis of touts with the seriousness it deserves.
Addressing the challenges posed by touts in Lagos’ transport sector is not merely a matter of law enforcement but requires a holistic strategy that prioritizes rehabilitation, education, and economic empowerment. Governor Sanwo-Olu has a crucial opportunity to redefine the narrative in Lagos, ensuring that the city becomes a beacon of progress, safety, and opportunity for all its residents.
We must consider the multifaceted issue of touts and area boys in Nigeria, it is clear that a collaborative approach involving both the government and private sector is crucial. While past efforts have laid the groundwork, a more comprehensive strategy that addresses the root causes of delinquency is needed. This includes providing education, job training, and support systems that empower these individuals to reintegrate successfully into society.
The journey toward taming the excesses of touts and area boys in Nigeria must be an ongoing process. It requires commitment, empathy, and innovative thinking from all stakeholders involved. We hope that the successes of organizations like God Bless Nigeria Church and Chess in Slums inspire further action and collaboration in the quest for effective rehabilitation and social change.
Moving forward, a comprehensive approach is essential. The government must collaborate with community stakeholders, NGOs, and private sector partners to develop sustainable solutions. This could involve expanding vocational training programs, providing mental health support, and creating employment opportunities tailored for these youths. Simultaneously, stringent law enforcement measures should be put in place to deter extortion and ensure the safety of commuters.
The excesses of Agberos are a challenge that cannot be ignored if we are to realize the vision of a Greater Lagos. A collaborative effort between the government, law enforcement, and the citizenry is essential. Together, we can reclaim our streets, restore civility, and create a Lagos that matches its aspirations.
While Lagos is a city filled with potential and cultural richness, it faces significant challenges that must be addressed to improve the quality of life for its residents. Taming the excesses of touts is not merely about law enforcement but about fostering an environment where young people can envision a future beyond the streets. Through education, job creation, and accountable governance, Lagos can transform its narrative and reclaim its status as a truly liveable city.
